A review on the application of the DRASTIC method in the assessment of groundwater vulnerability

Abstract Industrial and municipal wastes, agricultural contamination owing to pesticides chemical hazards, seawater intrusion in coastal areas, other factors damage groundwater. In several towns industrial clusters across India, this is becoming a rising subject of concern. Groundwater difficult contaminate, but once contaminated, it clean up. It critical attain goal using variety aquifer vulnerability assessment approaches. All these strategies rely on process models as well statistical or overlay index methodologies. major topic discussion due declining groundwater levels contamination, posing serious threat the environment water sources. To identify risk assess vulnerability, extensive research has been carried out among all methods based different parameters indexes. The DRASTIC method one most important accurate for vulnerability. This study systematic analysis available articles applications Modified (DRASTIC-L) performance management Geographical Information Systems (GIS). also reveals gaps various approaches, their limits hypotheses. discovered that integrating GIS with effective way determining agricultural, arid, semi-arid, basaltic zones, modified model outperforms traditional model.